Ekonomi ve Finans Bölümü Koleksiyonu
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- ItemBridging the Education–Employment Gap in Europe: An AI-Driven Approach to Skill Matching(MDPI, 2025-10) Sanguino, Ramón; Çağlarırmak Uslu, Nilgün; Karahan Dursun, Pınar; Özdemir, Caner; Barroso, Ascensión; Sánchez-Hernández, María Isabel; Gaga, Eftade O.; 414023Education–employment mismatch represents a persistent structural issue across Europe, especially among young people. In line with the digital transformation, green transformation and population aging, new jobs are emerging every day, and some of the older jobs are disappearing. However, existing skills of job seekers may not fit these new jobs. This article presents results from the EMLT + AI project, which aimed to explore how artificial intelligence (AI) tools could contribute to reducing such mismatches and supporting inclusive labor market integration. Based on a sample of 1039 participants across European countries, we analyzed the alignment between individuals’ educational background and their current employment, as well as their willingness to reskill. Using binary logistic regression models, the study identifies key factors influencing mismatch and reskilling motivation, including educational level, type of occupation, the presence of meaningful career guidance, and AI-based job search practices. The results indicate that individuals who hold a master’s degree and work in positions requiring at least bachelor’s level degrees are more likely to be matched with jobs that align with their field of study. However, access to mentoring remains limited. The paper concludes by proposing an AI-supported training model integrating career recommendation systems, flexible learning modules, and structured mentoring. These findings provide empirical evidence on how emerging technologies can foster more responsive and adaptive education-to-employment transitions, contributing to policy innovation and the development of inclusive digital labor ecosystems in Europe.
- ItemInternational integration and agricultural productivity in Kazakhstan: a Fourier ARDL approach(Emerald, 2025-11) Şengül, Serkan; Yıldız, Hakan; Canbay, Şerif; 355807Purpose – This study investigates the effects of Kazakhstan’s membership in international economic organizations such as the Organization of Turkic States (OTS), Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) on agricultural total factor productivity (AGTFP) during the period 1992–2022. It aims to understand how institutional integration, trade openness and environmental factors influence agricultural productivity in a transitioning economy. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis employs the fractional frequency Fourier ARDL (FFF-ARDL) method, which allows for modeling potential unknown nonlinear structural breaks. Annual data on AGTFP, agricultural GDP, foreign trade ratio and agricultural carbon emissions are analyzed. Dummy variables are used to capture Kazakhstan’s membership in each international organization and comparative models are estimated. Findings – The results reveal that EAEU membership has a positive and significant impact on AGTFP, while OTS membership shows a negative effect and SCO membership has no significant effect. Agricultural carbon emissions positively influence productivity in the long run but have a short-run limiting effect. Foreign trade openness limits long-run productivity, reflecting structural dependencies. Research limitations/implications – The study is limited to Kazakhstan and focuses on sector-level productivity; cross-country comparisons could provide further insights. Originality/value – This study offers a novel empirical investigation into the long-term effects of international institutional integration on agricultural productivity using advanced econometric modeling. By isolating the impacts of multiple international organizations, it contributes to the understanding of how trade and institutional dynamics shape agricultural performance in developing economies.
- ItemSpatial analysis of the macroeconomic determinants of crime: Evidence from regions of Türkiye(Elsevier, 2025-09) Şengül, Serkan; Canbay, Şerif; 355807This study investigates the macroeconomic and spatial determinants of crime rates in Türkiye by employing spatial panel data models. Using annual data from 12 NUTS-1 regions over the period 2009–2022, the analysis examines the effects of unemployment rate, income inequality (Gini coefficient), inflation rate, per capita income (GDP), public education expenditures, and urbanization on crime rates. Recognizing the spatial dependence structure of regional data, spatial error models are preferred over classical panel estimators. In addition to total crime, the study disaggregates crime data into two major categories—assault and theft—to assess the robustness of results and explore type-specific dynamics. The findings reveal that income inequality, per capita income, and inflation have positive and statistically significant effects on crime rates across all models. While public education expenditures do not exhibit a significant direct effect, their spatially lagged values show a negative and significant relationship with both total and disaggregated crime categories. The urbanization variable is found to reduce theft rates, although its effect on assault is weaker and not consistently significant. The unemployment rate does not appear to be a significant determinant in most specifications. These results highlight the importance of spatially informed, region-specific crime prevention strategies. In particular, the findings emphasize the relevance of interregional spillover effects of education policy and the differentiated impact of urbanization on distinct types of crime. The study contributes to the literature by offering both empirical and methodological advancements through the use of disaggregated crime data and spatial econometric techniques.
- ItemCapital-Labor-Output Nexus in Türkiye's Fisheries Sector: Panel ARDL Analysis(Isparta University of Applied Sciences, 2025-09) Şengül, Serkan; 355807This study analyzes the relationship between production, labor force and capital investments in the fisheries sector in the Marmara, Aegean, Mediterranean, Western Black Sea and Eastern Black Sea regions of Türkiye and examines their effects on sectoral growth and employment. In the study, total fish production, number of employees in the sector and capital investments (number of vessels) variables are used in the panel data analysis covering the period 2006-2023. According to the results of the analysis, the labor force has a positive and significant effect on production, but the effect of capital on production is negative. This shows that capital investments in the Turkish fisheries sector have not been able to provide the expected productivity growth. Moreover, capital investments are found to support employment by increasing labor demand. The long-run cointegration results reveal a strong equilibrium relationship between the variables. This study contributes to the existing research in the literature and provides strategic recommendations for the development of sustainable growth and productivity policies in Türkiye's fisheries sector. In particular, supporting aquaculture activities, modernizing capital investments and taking regional differences into account are critical for the long-term sustainability of the sector.
- ItemGıda Güvenliğinin Ekonomik ve Çevresel Belirleyicileri: BRICS-T Ülkeleri İçin Bir Analiz(Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, 2025-07) Şengül, Serkan; Köprücü, Yılmaz; 355807Bu çalışma, BRICS-T ülkelerinde gıda güvenliğini etkileyen ekonomik ve çevresel faktörlerin uzun dönemli etkilerini analiz etmektedir. Çalışmada, gıda güvenliği endeksi, karbon emisyonları, kişi başına düşen gelir, nüfus artış oranı, ve enflasyon değişkenleri incelenmiştir. Panel eşbütünleşme testi ve FMOLS yöntemleri kullanılarak, karbon emisyonlarının gıda güvenliği üzerinde pozitif bir etkisi olduğu, ancak bu etkinin çevresel sürdürülebilirlik açısından risk oluşturabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, sürdürülebilir tarım teknolojilerine yatırım yapılması, doğal kaynakların korunması ve uluslararası işbirliklerinin artırılması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Çalışma, BRICS-T ülkelerinin farklı ekonomik ve çevresel koşulları ışığında literatüre yeni bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır.
