Ekonomi ve Finans Bölümü Koleksiyonu

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https://dspace.mudanya.edu.tr/handle/20.500.14362/193

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    Dynamics of Wheat Production In Early Republican Türkiye (1925–1960)
    (AVAZ Akademik Düşünce Derneği, 2025-05) Canbay, Şerif; Şengül, Serkan; 278780; 355807
    This study aims to analyze the socioeconomic and energy-based factors determining wheat production in Türkiye between 1925 and 1960 using econometric methodology. In the early Republican period, the agricultural sector was structured as one of the main axes of economic development, and wheat, as a strategic crop, was at the center of both production policies and support mechanisms. In this study, wheat production is explained by variables such as per capita income level, number of students enrolled in primary school, electricity production and crude oil price, and the ARDL bounds test approach is used in the model established with annual data. The findings reveal that electricity generation and economic growth support production in the long run, whereas the education indicator has a limiting effect on production. The lagged effects of oil prices, on the other hand, indicate that cost pressures have negative effects on production over time. Short-run analyses reveal that the effects of variables vary over time and that production decisions are affected not only by technical but also by structural transformation processes. The study provides a historical data-based contribution to explain the multidimensional structure of agricultural production in the first 35 years of the Republic.
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    Mint ülkelerinde tüketici fiyat endeksi ve cari işlemler dengesinin döviz kuru üzerindeki nedensellik etkisi
    (ISARC, 2025-05) Canbay, Şerif; Özdilek Kırca, Elveda; 278780; Çelik, Ahmet; Akhter, Naseem; Şen Elkoca, Candan
    Bu çalışmada, 1990-2022 dönemine ait yıllık veriler kullanılarak MINT (Meksika, Endonezya, Nijerya ve Türkiye) ülkelerinde tüketici fiyat endeksi (enflasyon) ve cari işlemler dengesinin döviz kuru üzerindeki nedensellik ilişkileri incelenmiştir. Analizde Kónya (2006) Bootstrap Panel Granger Nedensellik yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Endonezya, Meksika ve Nijerya için cari işlemler açığından döviz kuruna doğru negatif yönde anlamlı bir nedensellik saptanmıştır. Aynı ülkelerde enflasyon oranlarından döviz kuruna doğru pozitif yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi de gözlemlenmiştir. Bu durum, söz konusu ülkelerde hem dış dengesizliklerin hem de fiyat istikrarsızlıklarının döviz kuru dinamiklerini belirlemede etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Buna karşılık Türkiye için hem enflasyonun hem de cari işlemler dengesinin döviz kuru üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmamıştır.
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    The Dynamics of Energy Import Dependence in the Baltic States
    (Düzce University, 2025-04) Şengül, Serkan; 355807
    This study investigates the determinants of energy import dependency in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) using panel data from 1995 to 2021. Employing panel ARDL and FMOLS methods, the analysis identifies long-term relationships between energy import dependency and key factors such as renewable energy consumption, trade, carbon intensity, industrial competitiveness, and export quality. Findings reveal that while renewable energy use and high export quality reduce dependency, carbon intensity and industrialization increase it. These results highlight the Baltic states' transition towards energy independence, contributing to discussions on regional energy security, sustainability, and European integration within the framework of SDG-7.
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    Economic and Demographic Effects of Public Pension Expenditures: The Case of Türkiye
    (Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2025-02) Şengül, Serkan; 355807
    This study investigates the economic and demographic factors affecting public pension expenditures in Türkiye and provides significantinformation about the sustainability of the country's social security system. Using annual data from 1980 to 2019, the study employed the ARDL bounds testing approach to examine the short and long-run effects of GDP per capita, public debt, tax revenues, and the elderly dependency ratio on pension expenditures. The 2001 economic crisis led to a structural break, which is modeled by adding a dummy variable. The results show that GDP per capita reduces pension expenditures in the long run, reflecting the mitigating effect of economic growth on fiscal pressure. In contrast, public debt exerts a notably positive impact, highlighting the fiscal burden of pension financing through borrowing. Tax revenues show a limited but positive effect, while the elderly dependency ratio emerges as the most influential determinant, highlighting the challenges posed by the demographic transition. The short-run analysis confirms a rapid return to equilibrium, pointing to a robust error correction mechanism. The findings underscore the need for social security reforms, including measures to raise the retirement age, increase private pension participation, and address demographic challenges. Despite its contributions, the study is limited by not including variables such as health expenditures and labor market dynamics. Nevertheless, it provides a valuable framework for policymakers to develop growth-oriented policies, ensure fiscal discipline, and promote sustainable social security systems. These insights are relevant not only for Türkiye but also for other countries facing similar demographic and economic pressures, making this study an important contribution to the ongoing debate on pension system reforms.
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    Evaluating Environmental Performance in the Turkish Cement Industry
    (Springer, 2025-04) Yıldız, Hakan; Şengül, Serkan; Köprücü, Yılmaz; 355807; Tsounis, Nicholas; Vlachvei, Aspasia
    The purpose of this study is to investigate the environmental performance of the Turkish cement industry. Employing the data set of 8 firms operating in the cement industry and using Data Envelopment Analysis, we estimate the CO2 efficiency in the industry. The empirical findings suggest that the average carbon efficiency in the sector is approximately 71%, indicating substantial room for efficiency enhancement through innovative production techniques and alternative fueluse. However, asignificant reduction intechnical efficiency hasbeen observable over the years. Promoting sustainable practices and investing in technological advancements can reverse this trend. Also, such policies can reduce the industry’s carbon footprint, thus it may be possible to combat greenhouse gas emissions and achieve the targets set in this regard.