Çocuk edebiyatı eserlerinde yer alan arketiplerin incelenmesi
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Date
2023
Authors
Musuloğlu, Büşra Nur
Sezgin, Esin
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Esma Dumanlı Kadızade
Abstract
Arketip sözcüğünü psikoloji literatürüne kazandıran isim Carl Gustav Jung olmuştur. Zaman içerisinde, Jung’un, evrendeki varlıkların miktarı kadar, söylemiyle ifade ettiği arketipler üzerine birçok farklı tanım ve kategori oluşturulmuştur. Çocuk edebiyatı, arketipler için geniş bir çalışma alanı sunmaktadır. Çocuk edebiyatında yer alan edebi eserlerde basit bir dil kullanılmasına karşın yorumlamayla açığa çıkarılacak derin anlamlar bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmada birçok farklı disiplinin üzerinde çalışmalar yürüttüğü ve son derece önemli görülen arketip kavramına yönelik yayınlanmış olan çalışmalar aracılığıyla çocuk edebiyatında arketip kavramını incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan, doküman inceleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama işlemi DergiPark veri tabanı üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamına 17 makale dahil edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler doküman analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Arketip kavramını temel alarak çocuk edebiyatı eserlerini inceleyen çalışmaların; edebi eser türlerine, yayın yıllarına, incelemiş oldukları arketiplere, kolektif bilinçdışı kavramına yer verme durumlarına bakılmıştır. Yayınlanan makalelerin edebi türlerinin yalnızca masal ve öykü olduğu görülmüştür. İncelenen 17 makalede yer alan eserlerin 9’unun masal, 8’inin ise öykü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Konu hakkında en yakın tarihli makalelerin 2022 yılında yayınlandığı ve bunların sayısının 3 olduğu görülmüştür. Bu alanda en fazla makale ise 5 makaleyle, 2021 yılında yayınlanmıştır. 2017, 2016, 2015, 2012, 2011 ve 2010 yıllarında konu hakkında makale yayınlanmamıştır. İncelenen makalelerde toplam 12 farklı çeşit arketipe ulaşılmıştır ve en sık ele alınan arketipin gölge arketipi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gölge arketipini sırasıyla, anne, yaşlı bilge, animus, kahraman, anima, persona, yeniden doğuş, baba, self, hilebaz ve asi arketipi takip etmiştir. İncelenen 17 makaleden 15’inde arketiplerin incelenmesinde önemli bir kavram olarak görülen kolektif bilinçdışı kavramı incelenmiş, 2’sinde ise kolektif bilinçdışı kavramı incelenmemiştir. Gelecekte çocuk edebiyatı alanında yapılacak olan çalışmalarda arketip kavramının masal ve öykü türünden farklı edebi türlerde de ele alınarak incelenmesinin literatürde tespit edilen bir eksikliğin giderilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Gelecekte, çocuk edebiyatı alanında yerli ve yabancı daha fazla edebi eserin incelenmesiyle de literatürdeki çeşitliliğin artırılmasına katkı sunulabilir.
It was Carl Gustav Jung who introduced the word archetype to psychology literature. Over time, many different definitions and categories have been created on archetypes, which Jung expressed as the amount number of beings in the universe. Children's literature offers a wide field of study for archetypes. Although simple language is used in literary works in children's literature, there are deep meanings to be revealed through interpretation. This study, it is aimed to examine the concept of archetype in children's literature through the studies published on the concept of archetype, which is considered extremely important and on which many different disciplines carry out studies. The document analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. Data collection was carried out through the DergiPark database. 17 articles were included in the study. The data obtained were analyzed by the document analysis method. The types of literary works, years of publication, the archetypes they examined, and the inclusion of the concept of collective unconscious in the studies examining children's literature works based on the concept of archetype were examined. It was seen that the literary genres of the published articles were only fairy tales and stories. It was determined that 9 of the works in the 17 articles analyzed were fairy tales and 8 were stories. It was observed that the most recent articles on the subject were published in 2022 and the number of these articles was 3. The most articles in this field were published in 2021 with 5 articles. No articles were published on the subject in 2017, 2016, 2015, 2012, 2011 and 2010. A total of 12 different types of archetypes were reached in the analyzed articles and it was determined that the most frequently discussed archetype was the shadow archetype. The shadow archetype was followed by the archetypes of mother, old sage, animus, hero, anima, persona, rebirth, father, self, trickster and rebel. In 15 of the 17 articles analyzed, the concept of the collective unconscious, which is seen as an important concept in the analysis of archetypes, was examined, while in 2 articles the concept of the collective unconscious was not examined. In future studies to be conducted in the field of children's literature, it is thought that examining the concept of archetype in literary genres other than fairy tales and stories will contribute to the elimination of a deficiency identified in the literature. In the future, more domestic and foreign literary works in the field of children's literature can contribute to increasing the diversity in the literature.
It was Carl Gustav Jung who introduced the word archetype to psychology literature. Over time, many different definitions and categories have been created on archetypes, which Jung expressed as the amount number of beings in the universe. Children's literature offers a wide field of study for archetypes. Although simple language is used in literary works in children's literature, there are deep meanings to be revealed through interpretation. This study, it is aimed to examine the concept of archetype in children's literature through the studies published on the concept of archetype, which is considered extremely important and on which many different disciplines carry out studies. The document analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. Data collection was carried out through the DergiPark database. 17 articles were included in the study. The data obtained were analyzed by the document analysis method. The types of literary works, years of publication, the archetypes they examined, and the inclusion of the concept of collective unconscious in the studies examining children's literature works based on the concept of archetype were examined. It was seen that the literary genres of the published articles were only fairy tales and stories. It was determined that 9 of the works in the 17 articles analyzed were fairy tales and 8 were stories. It was observed that the most recent articles on the subject were published in 2022 and the number of these articles was 3. The most articles in this field were published in 2021 with 5 articles. No articles were published on the subject in 2017, 2016, 2015, 2012, 2011 and 2010. A total of 12 different types of archetypes were reached in the analyzed articles and it was determined that the most frequently discussed archetype was the shadow archetype. The shadow archetype was followed by the archetypes of mother, old sage, animus, hero, anima, persona, rebirth, father, self, trickster and rebel. In 15 of the 17 articles analyzed, the concept of the collective unconscious, which is seen as an important concept in the analysis of archetypes, was examined, while in 2 articles the concept of the collective unconscious was not examined. In future studies to be conducted in the field of children's literature, it is thought that examining the concept of archetype in literary genres other than fairy tales and stories will contribute to the elimination of a deficiency identified in the literature. In the future, more domestic and foreign literary works in the field of children's literature can contribute to increasing the diversity in the literature.
Description
Keywords
Arketip , Kolektif bilinçdışı , Çocuk edebiyatı , Masal , Öykü , Archetype , Collective unconscious , Children's literature , Fairy tale , Story
Citation
Musuloğlu, B. N. & Sezgin, E. (2023). Çocuk edebiyatı eserlerinde yer alan arketiplerin incelenmesi. Uluslararası Çocuk Edebiyatı ve Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(2), 22-39.
